The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior is known as?

• A. Predictive validity
• B. Concurrent validity
• C. Face validity
• D. Content validity

Answer: (A)

This is about predictive validity—the extent to which a test forecast future performance on the criterion it’s designed to predict. To assess it, you administer the test now and then wait for the relevant outcome to occur, later measuring that criterion and calculating the correlation between the test scores and the future criterion. A stronger positive correlation indicates better predictive validity. For example, a work-sample or aptitude test used to predict job performance would be evaluated by correlating test scores with how well employees perform after a period on the job.

In contrast, concurrent validity looks at the relationship between test scores and the criterion measured at the same time. Face validity and content validity concern how the test appears to measure what it intends to measure and how well it covers the domain, rather than its ability to predict future behavior.